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Key Points
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What is a Literature Review?
A literature review is different to an essay. It provides a snapshot of what we know about the research on a particular topic. The author is required to do a comprehensive search of relevant and recent literature (journal articles, text books, websites) to identify what is known about a topic. The main themes are then identified and crtically analysed. A literature review should cover:
What are the steps to write a literature review?
Adapted from Scribbr. Click here to learn more
Organising Body Paragraphs
Do not arrange by articles.
Arrange by themes and ideas across the articles.
Adapted From:
Alzoubi, Y, Locatelli, G & Sainati, T 2023. Modern Slavery in Projects: A Systematic Literature Review and Research Agenda.Project Management Journal, vol.54 no.3, pp. 235–252,https://doi.org/10.1177/87569728221148158
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Trautrims et al. (2020) and Liu et al. (2022) mentioned the importance of auditing systems within the organisation to address and detect modern slavery. Organisational mechanisms, such as whistleblowing procedures, are essential to enable workers to report unethical or illegal activities on-site, including suspects of modern slavery (Liu et al., 2022; Trautrims et al., 2020). However, developing and enabling such mechanisms might be a challenge in projects because of the temporalities involved (Söderlund, 2004), and the fact that organisations in the project network evolve over time (Artto & Wikström, 2005; Gil & Fu, 2021). Therefore, future research ought to be devoted to studying how project-based organisations (Winch, 2014) can capture and share lessons learned across projects (Davies et al., 2018; Fuller et al., 2011; Invernizzi et al., 2018). Such lessons learned can be used to develop the necessary capabilities to detect and avoid modern slavery in their construction sites. |
One main idea introduced in the paragraph: auditing systems to detect slavery. Synthesis findings from many sources and references. Contrasts the findings of one paper with another pointing out disadvantages. Identifies the need for future research.
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Modern slaves have experienced high levels of physical, mental, and verbal abuse; treated as commodities; and expected to be subservient, leading to severe health problems (Cockbain & Brayley-Morris, 2018; Rose et al., 2021), including physical and mental health issues (Gibson, 2018; Williamson et al., 2020; Ottisova et al., 2016; Rose et al., 2021). One way slave holders increase the health risks of modern slaves is by not allowing enough sleep or rest, withholding medical treatment, and limiting their food supplies (Bales et al., 2011; Dando et al., 2016; Zimmerman et al., 2009). This thus leaves modern slaves with no physical capability to fight back against their slaveholders or try leaving their workplace (Bales et al., 2011). |
First sentence introduces the main theme of the article (impacts of slavery)
The focus is on research with several studies cited. The writer has used multiple references to show agreement in the literature |
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Referring to sources |
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Much of the current literature on X pays particular attention to … Author: reported / identified / showed that /demonstrated that … |
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Comparing and contrasting |
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Other writers have argued that … |
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Discussing findings |
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One interesting finding is … This finding is consistent with that of Smith (2000) who … Future research: Despite these promising results, questions remain. |
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Being Critical |
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Such approaches, however, have failed to address … The research to date has tended to focus on X rather than However, the main weakness of the study is the failure to address how … However, such explanations tend to overlook the fact that … Jones (2003) has challenged some of Smith’s conclusions, arguing that … |
